Tag:

Camelia M. Valdes

New Details Emerge In NJ Crash Caused By Suicidal Driver Facing Attempted Murder, Police Say New Details Emerge In NJ Crash Caused By Suicidal Driver Facing Attempted Murder, Police Say
New Details Emerge In NJ Crash Caused By Suicidal Driver Facing Attempted Murder, Police Say New details have emerged in a serious wreck last June in Passaic County. According to police papers obtained by Daily Voice, the 31-year-old Paterson man who caused the crash on Hamburg Turnpike in Wayne had been trying to end his own life, but ended up injuring a 44-year-old motorist instead. Police called to Hamburg Turnpike and Black Oak Ridge Road just before 2 a.m. on June 14 where they found D’Airon J. James sitting on the ground "saying he wished for this happen," according to the criminal complaint in the Passaic County Prosecutor's Office. James said that he purposely dr…
Paterson Ex-Con Arrested In Carjacking, Kidnapping That Prompted Widespread Amber Alert: Cops Paterson Ex-Con Arrested In Carjacking, Kidnapping That Prompted Widespread Amber Alert: Cops
Paterson Ex-Con Arrested In Carjacking, Kidnapping That Prompted Widespread Amber Alert: Cops A 33-year-old ex-con has been arrested in connection with the carjacking and kidnapping of a 34-year-old woman and her 2-year-old son, prompting an Amber Alert overnight in Paterson, authorities announced Friday, June 28. Junior Nunez was identified by police as a suspect in the carjacking and kidnapping at Percy and Holsman streets around 10:40 p.m. Thursday, June 27, Passaic County Prosecutor Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Paterson Police Department Officer-In- Charge Isa Abbassi said. A warrant was issued for Nunez's arrest as an amber alert was issued overnight for the child…
Boys — 15, 16 — Charged With Shooting 14-Year-Old Outside Paterson School Boys — 15, 16 — Charged With Shooting 14-Year-Old Outside Paterson School
Boys — 15, 16 — Charged With Shooting 14-Year-Old Outside Paterson School Two Paterson boys – one 15, the other 16 – are charged with shooting a 14-year-old outside a city grade school last fall. The victim was treated at St. Joseph’s University Medical Center after being wounded near the Halpine Street entrance to School #12 on Oct. 25. A lengthy investigation led to delinquency complaints signed this past week against both youngsters, Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Paterson Police Department Officer-In-Charge Isa Abbassi said in a joint announcement. The complaints allege what would be the adult equivalent of attempted murder and weapons offen…
Paterson Woman Repeatedly Stabbed 5-Year-Old Granddaughter After Hearing Voices: Responders Paterson Woman Repeatedly Stabbed 5-Year-Old Granddaughter After Hearing Voices: Responders
Paterson Woman Repeatedly Stabbed 5-Year-Old Granddaughter After Hearing Voices: Responders A 51-year-old Paterson woman who responders said claimed to be hearing voices repeatedly stabbed her 5-year-old granddaughter, authorities confirmed. The child was rushed to St. Joseph’s University Medical Center with a police escort after being stabbed in the side at an apartment building at the corner of Carroll Street and Godwin Avenue shortly after 4 p.m. Wednesday, Oct. 10, they said. Aurora Villacorta, who was hospitalized in custody, is charged with aggravated assault, child endangerment and various weapon offenses, Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Paterson Police Depa…
SHOOTING SPREE: Two Teens, Young Woman Dead In Trio Of Paterson Attacks SHOOTING SPREE: Two Teens, Young Woman Dead In Trio Of Paterson Attacks
Shooting Spree: Two Teens, Young Woman Dead In Trio Of Paterson Attacks UPDATE: Gunfire claimed the lives of two 19-year-old men and a 22-year-old woman in a daylong Sunday shooting spree in three different Paterson neighborhoods. It began when no fewer than seven shots were fired at the busy intersection of Park Avenue and East 22nd Street, cutting down one of the men, shortly after 6:30 a.m. Oct. 1. Police found him on the ground with multiple gunshot wounds, Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Paterson Police Department Officer-In-Charge Isa Abbassi confirmed. He was pronounced dead a short time later at nearby St. Joseph’s University Medical …
UPDATE: Jurors Convict Bergen County Man Of Gunning Down Newly-Released Killer UPDATE: Jurors Convict Bergen County Man Of Gunning Down Newly-Released Killer
Update: Jurors Convict Bergen County Man Of Gunning Down Newly-Released Killer A 25-year-old South Hackensack man was convicted of gunning down a convicted killer who’d only just been released from prison after serving his time. Rather than accept a plea deal, Naszhere Marquette Jones took his chances with a jury – and lost – in connection with the March 2021 shooting death of ex-con Jaquan Harrison, 35, in Paterson. Jurors in Paterson found Jones guilty of reckless manslaughter and weapons offenses following a day and a half of deliberations, Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes said on Friday, Sept. 29. Harrison had spent more than four years in state prison…
Mom, 73, Son Found Shot Dead In Clifton Home Mom, 73, Son Found Shot Dead In Clifton Home
Mom, 73, Son Found Shot Dead In Clifton Home A 73-year-old grandmother and her 33-year-old son were found shot dead in her Clifton home, authorities confirmed on Wednesday. Investigators said Peter Koc apparently fired the shots that killed him and Zofia Koc in the 3rd Street home that she and his late father bought when was a toddler. However, they have more work to do before officially determining whether it was a murder-suicide or an incident that may have begun with an unintentional shooting, Daily Voice has learned. Police found the bodies, and the gun, while conducting a requested welfare check at the family’s home near Hadley …
Man Found Shot Dead In Car On Paterson Street Man Found Shot Dead In Car On Paterson Street
Man Found Shot Dead In Car On Paterson Street A man was found shot dead before dawn in a parked car on a Paterson street, and authorities haven't yet said whether or not they consider it suspicious. They're seeking witnesses. The man, whom authorities were trying to identify, was found by officers acting on a tip in the area of Route 19 and Ward Street shortly after 5:30 a.m. Sunday, Sept. 3, Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Paterson Police Officer-In-Charge Isa Abbassi said in a brief release. He had a gunshot wound in his head, they said. They didn’t say whether a weapon was found or whether they consider the circums…
MANHUNT: Help Sought Capturing Hit-And-Run Driver Who Killed Hawthorne Military Vet, 83 MANHUNT: Help Sought Capturing Hit-And-Run Driver Who Killed Hawthorne Military Vet, 83
Manhunt: Help Sought Capturing Hit-And-Run Driver Who Killed Hawthorne Military Vet, 83 Authorities released the name and a photo of the accused hit-and-run driver who they said killed an 83-year-old Hawthorne man as he crossed the street near his home. Juan Martinez Gonzalez, who recently lived in Hawthorne, was behind the wheel of the Ford F-150 that struck Joe Bender as he crossed Wagaraw Road at Passaic Avenue -- near the Fair Lawn border -- shortly before 9 p.m. on Wednesday, June 28, they said. The U.S. Marine Corps veteran was pronounced dead a short time later at St. Joseph's University Medical Center. Police found the pickup abandoned in the City of Passaic on June …
NIGHTCLUB SHOOTING: Four Wounded In Clifton, Gunman At Large NIGHTCLUB SHOOTING: Four Wounded In Clifton, Gunman At Large
Nightclub Shooting: Four Wounded In Clifton, Gunman At Large UPDATE: Four people were wounded -- one seriously -- when gunfire erupted at a Clifton nightclub before dawn Friday, authorities confirmed. The gunman remained at large following the 2:47 a.m. June 16 shooting inside the Made In Miami Bar & Bistro on Harding Avenue, law enforcement sources told Daily Voice. Responding officers found a 32-year-old Clifton woman with a non-fatal gunshot wound. She was taken to St. Joseph's University Medical Center in Paterson. The woman was expected to survive, the same as three other victims who Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and…
BAIL REFORM: Accused Felon Freed By Judge Guns Down Fellow Paterson Man, 22, Authorities Charge BAIL REFORM: Accused Felon Freed By Judge Guns Down Fellow Paterson Man, 22, Authorities Charge
Bail Reform: Accused Felon Freed By Judge Guns Down Fellow Paterson Man, 22, Authorities Charge Erlyn Nunez had spent all of five days in jail after being busted on a gun charge when a judge freed him earlier this year under New Jersey's bail reform law. Less than a month later, authorities said, he shot and killed a 22-year-old fellow Paterson resident. Nunez was originally arrested on a weapons charge in Paterson on April 21. A judge ordered him released from the Bergen County Jail on April 26, records show. On May 21, Paterson police responded to a reported shooting in the area of East 13th and River streets. They found a mortally wounded man whom authorities have, for some u…
Security Guard Involved In Daylight Gunfight Outside Paterson School, Suspect Seized Security Guard Involved In Daylight Gunfight Outside Paterson School, Suspect Seized
Security Guard Involved In Daylight Gunfight Outside Paterson School, Suspect Seized What authorities said was a mid-morning gunfight involving a Paterson school security guard led to the arrest of his alleged opponent. Robert Carroll, 59, was charged with attempted murder and weapons offenses in connection with what was described as an exchange of gunfire near the corner of 10th and Madison avenues -- outside Paterson Public School No. 21 -- around 9 a.m. Tuesday, May 16. “There was a verbal altercation between an individual later identified as Robert Carroll and a school security guard where gunfire was exchanged,” Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Pate…
.44 Magnum Recovered From Violent Ex-Con Shot By Passaic Police: Prosecutor .44 Magnum Recovered From Violent Ex-Con Shot By Passaic Police: Prosecutor
.44 Magnum Recovered From Violent Ex-Con Shot By Passaic Police: Prosecutor UPDATE: A violent ex-con who’d fired several shots into the air from a .44 Magnum was brought down by a Passaic police officer last week after he pointed the powerful pistol at the officer's partner, authorities said. Jason Urban, 42, of Passaic was carrying the revolver made famous by Clint Eastwood’s character in the movie “Dirty Harry” when officers responding to a call of shots fired at Lackawanna Place and Passaic Avenue near the city train station found him shortly before 6:30 p.m. May 10, they said. Urban “fired several rounds from the handgun into the air,” Passaic County Prosecuto…
Paterson Shop Owner Killed Man With Shotgun Blast During Dispute, Authorities Reveal Paterson Shop Owner Killed Man With Shotgun Blast During Dispute, Authorities Reveal
Paterson Shop Owner Killed Man With Shotgun Blast During Dispute, Authorities Reveal UPDATE: An ex-con killed a fellow Paterson resident with a shotgun blast to the chest during a dispute at his city smoke shop last weekend, authorities revealed Thursday. Calvin King, 47, shot Kyheem Clark, 34, at the shop near the corner of East Main and Hillman streets shortly after 1 a.m. Saturday, May 6, with a shotgun he wasn’t allowed to possess, they said. Clark was pronounced dead a short time later at St. Joseph’s University Medical Center. No motive was given when Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Paterson Officer-In-Charge Isa Abbassi of the NJ State Police identif…
UPDATE: State Authorities Leave Review Of Armed Gunman's Shooting By Passaic PD To Prosecutor UPDATE: State Authorities Leave Review Of Armed Gunman's Shooting By Passaic PD To Prosecutor
Update: State Authorities Leave Review Of Armed Gunman's Shooting By Passaic PD To Prosecutor UPDATE: State authorities signaled their faith Thursday that the wounding of an armed man by a Passaic police officer on Wednesday was what everyone involved agrees was a clean shoot. A mandatory review of the incident that is required of New Jersey Attorney General Matthew Platkin has been left in the hands of Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes, the prosecutor herself said on May 11. Officers responding to a call of a man shooting a gun in the area of Passaic Avenue and Lackawanna Place near the train station encountered the suspect shortly before 6:30 p.m. May 10, Passaic Mayor …
UPDATE: Gunman Shot By Police In Passaic Expected To Survive UPDATE: Gunman Shot By Police In Passaic Expected To Survive
Update: Gunman Shot By Police In Passaic Expected To Survive UPDATE: State authorities signaled their faith Thursday that the wounding of an armed man by a Passaic police officer on Wednesday was what everyone involved agrees was a clean shoot. A mandatory review of the incident that is required of New Jersey Attorney General Matthew Platkin has been left in the hands of Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes, the prosecutor herself said on Thursday, May 11. Officers responding to a call of a man shooting a gun in the area of Passaic Avenue and Lackawanna Place near the train station encountered the suspect shortly before 6:30 p.m. May 10, Pass…
6-Week-Old Paterson Child Dies Suddenly: What Happened? 6-Week-Old Paterson Child Dies Suddenly: What Happened?
6-Week-Old Paterson Child Dies Suddenly: What Happened? Authorities are investigating the early-morning death of a 6-week-old child in Paterson. City police and firefighters responded to a 911 call at a second-floor apartment in a multi-family house on 9th Avenue off East 18th Street at 6:18 a.m. Thursday, April 20, Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes said. The infant was found in cardiac arrest and rushed to St. Joseph’s University Medical Center, responders said. Doctors there pronounced the baby dead at 6:56 a.m., Valdes said. The prosecutor didn't classify the death as a homicide or otherwise and didn't say whether anyone was taken…
Worshippers Seize Attacker Who Stabbed Imam During Prayer Service At Paterson Mosque (w/VIDEO) Worshippers Seize Attacker Who Stabbed Imam During Prayer Service At Paterson Mosque (w/VIDEO)
Worshippers Seize Attacker Who Stabbed Imam During Prayer Service At Paterson Mosque (w/Video) Sayed Elnakib was leading an early morning prayer service at the Omar Mosque in Paterson on Sunday when a man among the worshippers suddenly rushed forward and stabbed the beloved imam, surveillance video shows. The assailant, 32-year-old Serif Zorba, turned and bolted for the door, but the worshippers -- without regard for their own safety -- quickly converged on the assailant and held him for police. Elnakib, 65, sustained liver damage, a mosque spokesperson said, but he was expected to survive after being rushed into surgery at nearby St. Joseph's University Medical Center following the…
Off-Duty NYC Hospital Police Officer Shot In Hawthorne Off-Duty NYC Hospital Police Officer Shot In Hawthorne
Off-Duty NYC Hospital Police Officer Shot In Hawthorne An off-duty New York City hospital police officer was shot in Hawthorne early Thursday, authorities confirmed. The victim was taken to St. Joseph’s University Medical Center with a gunshot wound in his leg shortly before 6:30 a.m. March 2, Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Hawthorne Police Chief James W. Knepper said in a brief joint release. The officer was wounded in the area of Brownstone Terrace, they said, without being more specific. Witnesses reported seeing a gray sedan speed away from the scene. Valdes and Knepper didn’t say whether any suspects had been arrested or…
TEEN MURDER: Paterson Boy, 15, Charged With Stabbing 14-Year-Old Dead, Wounding 16-Year-Old TEEN MURDER: Paterson Boy, 15, Charged With Stabbing 14-Year-Old Dead, Wounding 16-Year-Old
Teen Murder: Paterson Boy, 15, Charged With Stabbing 14-Year-Old Dead, Wounding 16-Year-Old A 15-year-old Paterson boy was seized by police on Tuesday for stabbing and killing a 14-year-old city youth and wounding the victim’s 16-year-old companion in broad daylight last week. Delinquency complaints were signed against the boy that would equal adult criminal charges of murder, aggravated assault, and weapons possession, Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Acting Paterson Police Chief Bert Ribeiro said. He was placed in detention pending a hearing in the Family Part of Superior Court in Paterson. The incident occurred outside but not on the property of Paterson Eastsi…
14-Year-Old Boy Stabbed Dead Outside Paterson Eastside High School, 16-Year-Old Wounded 14-Year-Old Boy Stabbed Dead Outside Paterson Eastside High School, 16-Year-Old Wounded
14-Year-Old Boy Stabbed Dead Outside Paterson Eastside High School, 16-Year-Old Wounded A 14-year-old boy was stabbed dead in broad daylight Friday afternoon outside Paterson Eastside High School, in what tragically marked the first homicide in the city this year. A 16-year-old boy was hospitalized after he, too, was stabbed in the 3 p.m. incident on Park Avenue, authorities confirmed. Witnesses said police escorted the ambulance carrying the gravely injured boy to St. Joseph’s University Medical Center, where the younger boy later succumbed to his injuries. Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Acting Paterson Police Chief Bert Ribeiro confirmed the incident but di…
HEARTLESS: NJ Woman, 22, Charged With Conning Elderly Man In Grandparent Scam HEARTLESS: NJ Woman, 22, Charged With Conning Elderly Man In Grandparent Scam
Heartless: NJ Woman, 22, Charged With Conning Elderly Man In Grandparent Scam Authorities have charged a 22-year-old Paterson woman with scamming an elderly Florida resident who was told that his son-in-law needed bail money. Flor Loveras was charged with theft by deception and conspiracy following a lengthy investigation that began more than three years ago, Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes said. She was released pending a first appearance in Central Judicial Processing Court in Paterson sometime before the end of the month, the prosecutor said on Monday, Feb. 13. The 76-year-old victim was contacted in October 2019 by someone claiming to be a bail bonds…
Paterson Man Found Guilty Of Slamming Elderly Resident Into Concrete Breaking Ribs, Collarbone Paterson Man Found Guilty Of Slamming Elderly Resident Into Concrete Breaking Ribs, Collarbone
Paterson Man Found Guilty Of Slamming Elderly Resident Into Concrete Breaking Ribs, Collarbone A 30-year-old man from Paterson has been found guilty of slamming an elderly man into the pavement, breaking his ribs and collarbone, authorities said. Walter A. Williams was found guilty on Monday, Feb. 6, after a jury trial, according to Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes. The jury returned guilty verdicts on charges of second-degree aggravated assault and third-degree theft from a person, the prosecutor said. He faces up to 10 years in New Jersey State Prison, she said. He was being held in the Passaic County Jail pending his sentencing on April 25.  According …
Passaic Pedophile Sexually Assaults Kidnapped 5-Year-Old Girl, Authorities Charge Passaic Pedophile Sexually Assaults Kidnapped 5-Year-Old Girl, Authorities Charge
Passaic Pedophile Sexually Assaults Kidnapped 5-Year-Old Girl, Authorities Charge You can hardly get your mind around it: A 44-year-old pedophile from Passaic kept a 5-year-old girl captive while sexually assaulting her in his car, authorities charged. The victim is familiar with Oscar Fuentes-Sierra, 44, who was arrested without incident this week by members of the Passaic County Prosecutor’s Office Special Victims Unit, authorities said. Fuentes-Sierra is charged with aggravated sexual assault and kidnapping, as well as child endangerment and sexual assault, Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Passaic Police Chief Luis A. Guzman said in a brief release. The incident occu…
Disgraced Ex-Paterson Officer Charged With Assault Of Second Defenseless Suspect Disgraced Ex-Paterson Officer Charged With Assault Of Second Defenseless Suspect
Disgraced Ex-Paterson Officer Charged With Assault Of Second Defenseless Suspect A former Paterson police officer already awaiting trial for beating one suspect over the head with a flashlight has been charged with doing it to another. Spencer Finch, 46, of Mahwah, broke a victim’s nose, knocked out two of his teeth and chipped another outside a Quick’s Food Store on Dec. 22, 2018, an indictment returned by a grand jury in Paterson alleges. In a subsequent use-of-force report, Finch said he was arresting the robbery suspect when he “became belligerent with police and shouted profanities,” Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes said in announcing the indictment on W…
Judge Refuses Release Of West Milford Security Salesman Charged With Sexually Assaulting Woman Judge Refuses Release Of West Milford Security Salesman Charged With Sexually Assaulting Woman
Judge Refuses Release Of West Milford Security Salesman Charged With Sexually Assaulting Woman A judge refused to release a security company salesman from West Milford who’s charged with sexually assaulting a township woman. Austin Hopler sexually assaulted the woman -- who, like him, is 25 -- following an event at a local home last June 6, Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and West Milford Township Police Chief James Devore alleged in a joint release. Hopler was arrested last Monday, Jan. 9, following an investigation by township police and members of the prosecutor’s Special Victims Unit, they said. The six-year U.S. Marine Corps veteran – who’d been stationed at Fort Di…
Convicted Killer, Fellow Ex-Con Charged With Gunning Down Paterson Man, Wounding Companion Convicted Killer, Fellow Ex-Con Charged With Gunning Down Paterson Man, Wounding Companion
Convicted Killer, Fellow Ex-Con Charged With Gunning Down Paterson Man, Wounding Companion A man who was killed and a woman who was with him were shot by two Paterson ex-cons, one of whom recently served nearly a decade for slaying an aspiring rapper and the other who was tracked down in Virginia, authorities announced. Shaquan Winstead, 28, and David “Scrappy” Armfield, 31, are both charged with first-degree murder in the Oct. 1 shooting death of Briheem Nero, 42, of Paterson at what may well be the city’s deadliest street corner. An unidentified 49-year-old woman who was with Nero was shot in the arm, for which Winstead and Armfield are charged with attempted murder. They’re a…
UPDATE: Wild Stolen Car Chase Ends In Paterson With Struggle, Gunshot, Prosecutor Confirms UPDATE: Wild Stolen Car Chase Ends In Paterson With Struggle, Gunshot, Prosecutor Confirms
Update: Wild Stolen Car Chase Ends In Paterson With Struggle, Gunshot, Prosecutor Confirms A Paterson police officer’s gun accidentally discharged during the arrest of a repeat offender from Sussex County after he led officers on a wild stolen car chase, authorities said. It took three days for Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes to confirm the incident from Monday night, Jan. 9. Members of the city’s Street Crimes Unit had tried to stop the vehicle around 9 p.m., but the driver kept going, Valdes said in a release. They pursued the vehicle down Katz Avenue into Haledon and then back into Paterson, says the release, issued shortly before 5 p.m. Thursday, Jan. 12. Office…
STABBED TO DEATH: Clifton Man Charged With Killing Cousin STABBED TO DEATH: Clifton Man Charged With Killing Cousin
Stabbed TO Death: Clifton Man Charged With Killing Cousin A 25-year-old Clifton man is charged with stabbing his 22-year-old cousin to death on New Year’s Eve. Motasem Ramadan fought with police who arrested him following the fatal stabbing at a home across the street from a city elementary school around 7:30 p.m. Saturday, authorities said. Officers responding to the two-family home on Van Cleve Avenue near School No. 12 found Waleed Ramadan with multiple stab wounds to his neck and face, Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Clifton Police Chief Thomas Rinaldi said in a joint release. Waleed (photo below) was pronounced dead a short …
Metal Detection Begins At Paterson High Schools After Seizure Of 3 Guns, Four Teens Metal Detection Begins At Paterson High Schools After Seizure Of 3 Guns, Four Teens
Metal Detection Begins At Paterson High Schools After Seizure Of 3 Guns, Four Teens Officials began screening students entering John F. Kennedy High School in Paterson following an incident late last week in which a trio of loaded guns were seized and the armed teens taken into custody. The hand-held metal-detecting wandings will continue indefinitely at all city high schools, Paterson Schools Supt. Eileen F. Shafer announced on Monday, Dec. 19. Additional city police officers will also patrol the grounds, she said. “The safety of our students and staff is our top priority, and we are working to make sure that no one is able to bring an unauthorized weapon onto school pro…
Paterson School Shooting Threats: Loaded Guns Found On Three Teens, One Of Them 15 Paterson School Shooting Threats: Loaded Guns Found On Three Teens, One Of Them 15
Paterson School Shooting Threats: Loaded Guns Found On Three Teens, One Of Them 15 A trio of teens were all found armed with loaded guns after a brawl broke out at JFK High School in Paterson and two juveniles threatened to shoot up the place, authorities said. Officers stationed at the school separated the students and found one of them, a 17-year-old, carrying a handgun, Passaic County Prosecutor Camelia M. Valdes and Acting Paterson Police Chief Bert Ribeiro announced Sunday, Dec. 18. A 14-year-old involved in the Friday morning hallway brawl was seized after he was “overheard by responding officers threatening to commit a shooting in the school,” they said in a prepar…