Tag:

Prostitution

NJ State Trooper Tried To Pay Girl For Sex, Asked For Sexual Pictures: Prosecutors NJ State Trooper Tried To Pay Girl For Sex, Asked For Sexual Pictures: Prosecutors
NJ State Trooper Tried To Pay Girl For Sex, Asked For Sexual Pictures: Prosecutors A state trooper was accused of trying to pay for sex from someone he believed was a teen girl and asking for sexual pictures, authorities said. Shane Dempsey, 31, of Brick Township, was arrested in Ewing on Monday, July 1, Monmouth County Prosecutor Raymond Santiago said in a news release. Investigators said Dempsey contacted an undercover detective on the social media app Whisper earlier in 2024.  Prosecutors said Dempsey asked for "sexually explicit images" from the detective, who he thought was a 14-year-old girl. He also said he would pay money for a sex act fro…
Undercover Sting Leads To Prostitution Arrest At NJ Go-Go Bar With Unsavory History Undercover Sting Leads To Prostitution Arrest At NJ Go-Go Bar With Unsavory History
Undercover Sting Leads To Prostitution Arrest At NJ Go-Go Bar With Unsavory History A 36-year-old Belleville woman has been arrested after she offered an undercover officer sexual favors in exchange for money at a popular Secaucus go-go bar, police said. Acting on a tip that prostitution was still an ongoing issue at AJ’s Go-Go Bar on Secaucus Road, Secaucus police officers were sent to the establishment — undercover, Chief Dennis Miller said. Sure enough, Dilcia Nunez Gomez offered one officer sexual favors in exchange for money, Miller said. She was charged with engaging in prostitution and promoting prostitution. In April 2021, multiple AJ's employees were arreste…
Violent Robber Who Preyed On Prostitutes At Secaucus Hotels Captured, Police Say Violent Robber Who Preyed On Prostitutes At Secaucus Hotels Captured, Police Say
Violent Robber Who Preyed On Prostitutes At Secaucus Hotels Captured, Police Say One of two men who forced their way into motel rooms and robbed prostitutes and their customers in Secaucus was seized by police, authorities announced Friday. Kendall Smith, 32, of Jersey City and a second man committed at least three violent robberies beginning May 17 at the La Quinta Hotel, Secaucus Police Chief Dennis Miller said. Smith and his companion “forced their way into the victims’ hotel room while brandishing knives,” the chief said. “After a struggle, the suspects fled the area with some of the victims’ money, personal belongings and documents.” Two weeks later, they did the …
Confessed NJ/Philly Sex Trafficker Who Beat, Threatened Victims Gets 10 Years, No Early Release Confessed NJ/Philly Sex Trafficker Who Beat, Threatened Victims Gets 10 Years, No Early Release
Confessed NJ/Philly Sex Trafficker Who Beat, Threatened Victims Gets 10 Years, No Early Release UPDATE: A confessed sex trafficker from Philadelphia was sentenced in federal court in New Jersey to 10 years in prison. Mallie M. Evans, 37, must spend at least 8½ years behind bars before he’ll be eligible for release because there’s no parole in the federal prison system. Evans “recruited and coerced multiple victims” as prostitutes, shuttling them between Philly and Central and South Jersey, U.S. Attorney For New Jersey Philip R. Sellinger said. “Evans used fraud, emotional manipulation, physical violence, and threats of death and bodily injury to coerce the victims into engaging in co…
Philly Ex-Con Forced Captive Girls Into Prostitution At NJ Hotels: Indictment Philly Ex-Con Forced Captive Girls Into Prostitution At NJ Hotels: Indictment
Philly Ex-Con Forced Captive Girls Into Prostitution At NJ Hotels: Indictment An ex-con who was captured after a 15-year-old victim escaped from a South Jersey hotel room was indicted on a host of charges that include human trafficking, promoting prostitution and sexually assaulting minors, authorities announced on Thursday. Nieem Johnson, 40, whose last known address was in Philadelphia, was arrested in Atlantic City last Aug. 31 following a months-long state investigation, New Jersey Attorney General Matthew Platkin said. A second victim was rescued during the arrest, Platkin said in a Jan. 18 release. “The allegations in the indictment – holding two victims in a…
Family Ran Multimillion-Dollar Cathouse At Sayreville Strip Club, New Indictment Alleges Family Ran Multimillion-Dollar Cathouse At Sayreville Strip Club, New Indictment Alleges
Family Ran Multimillion-Dollar Cathouse At Sayreville Strip Club, New Indictment Alleges UPDATE: A fierce battle between a Middlesex County family and authorities who've charged them with operating a wildly lucrative whorehouse masquerading as a strip club intensified with a new round of charges. The owners of Club XXXV on Route 35 in Sayreville used “various illegal means to turn their club into a multimillion-dollar racket (that) doubled as a house of prostitution,” New Jersey Attorney General Matthew J. Platkin said a superseding indictment returned by a grand jury in Trenton alleges. More than $10 million in proceeds from the business “moved through numerous bank accounts c…
Jurors Convict Elizabeth Man Who Lured Out-Of-State Escorts To NJ, Then Raped And Beat Them Jurors Convict Elizabeth Man Who Lured Out-Of-State Escorts To NJ, Then Raped And Beat Them
Jurors Convict Elizabeth Man Who Lured Out-Of-State Escorts To NJ, Then Raped And Beat Them Federal jurors in Newark convicted an Elizabeth man of luring out-of-state escorts to New Jersey for sex with false promises of paying them tens of thousands of dollars, authorities said. Jose Torres, 45, refused to pay those who accepted the offer and often raped and beat any who pressed him for the money, according to an indictment that led to his conviction on Wednesday, Oct. 11, following a six-day trial. Jurors in federal court in Newark found Torres guilty of four counts of persuading, inducing, and enticing women to travel in interstate commerce to engage in prostitution, U…
HOOKED: 16 Busted, $35K Seized In Passaic Sheriff’s Countywide Prostitution Raids HOOKED: 16 Busted, $35K Seized In Passaic Sheriff’s Countywide Prostitution Raids
Hooked: 16 Busted, $35K Seized In Passaic Sheriff’s Countywide Prostitution Raids Sixteen arrests were made and $35,840 in alleged profits seized by Passaic County sheriff's detectives during a two-day series of prostitution raids at massage parlors and hotels countywide, authorities said. Key “pay-to-play” locations for illegal sex were pinpointed in Clifton, Paterson, Passaic, Wayne, and Woodland Park, Passaic County Sheriff Richard Berdnik said. Nearly all were chosen for the quality-of-life operations following citizens’ complaints, the sheriff said. Various units from his department supplied the detectives, Berdnik said. These included his Bureau of Narcotics, Int…
UPDATE: Number Of Victims Of Repeat Sex Trafficker Reaches Four In NJ, PA, Authorities Charge UPDATE: Number Of Victims Of Repeat Sex Trafficker Reaches Four In NJ, PA, Authorities Charge
Update: Number Of Victims Of Repeat Sex Trafficker Reaches Four In NJ, PA, Authorities Charge The number of alleged victims of a paroled sex trafficker from New Jersey has reached four, federal authorities said. Amin Sharif, 48, of Newark had been free for a year after serving nearly a decade in federal prison when he returned to pimping women and girls, authorities said. Federal agents seized Sharif on sex trafficking charges in January 2022, and have held him since then, while continuing an ongoing investigation that produced an indictment that cites the additional victims. Sharif "used several social media platforms and profiles to recruit women and minors to engage in sex acts…
Rapes, Beatings, Brandings: Married Paterson Sex Traffickers Who 'Defied Humanity' Go To Prison Rapes, Beatings, Brandings: Married Paterson Sex Traffickers Who 'Defied Humanity' Go To Prison
Rapes, Beatings, Brandings: Married Paterson Sex Traffickers Who 'Defied Humanity' Go To Prison A married Passaic County couple who operated a sex trafficking ring that raped, beat and branded women with the husband's name while he was in prison have been sentenced for their crimes, authorities announced. Enna Gonzalez, 58, was sentenced to a plea-bargained four years in federal prison last Thursday, July 6, by U.S. District Judge Madeline Cox Arleo in Newark for crimes that one federal official said “defy humanity.” Her husband, Jean “Poison” Noriega, 52, also took a deal from the government and was sentenced last month to 20 years in prison in exchange for a guilty plea, U.S. Attorn…
Addicted Hooker, Longtime Guy Pal Rob Drug Buyer Lured To Route 23 Motel: Wayne PD Addicted Hooker, Longtime Guy Pal Rob Drug Buyer Lured To Route 23 Motel: Wayne PD
Addicted Hooker, Longtime Guy Pal Rob Drug Buyer Lured To Route 23 Motel: Wayne PD A convicted hooker with a heart of coal and her longtime running mate were both captured after authorities said they lured a man to a Wayne motel and then robbed him at gunpoint. It wasn’t much of a surprise to police who flushed Katherine Berg, 34, of Paterson, and Emin Goroveci, 37, of Succasunna from the woods behind the Wayne Inn that they were the ones who concocted the setup, given their drug-related, violent histories. Three years ago, the pair robbed a Leonia man whom Berg met online of several valuables – including his car -- after she slipped the victim a mickey that knocked him u…
Cash Seized, Passaic County Massage Parlor Pair Charged In Multi-Agency Raid Cash Seized, Passaic County Massage Parlor Pair Charged In Multi-Agency Raid
Cash Seized, Passaic County Massage Parlor Pair Charged In Multi-Agency Raid Two women were arrested and $11,652 in alleged profits seized in a multi-agency raid on a Woodland Park massage parlor that authorities said was really a cathouse. Detectives from the Passaic County Prosecutor’s Special Victims Unit, police from Woodland Park and federal agents with Homeland Security Investigations teamed up for the bust late last week at Tokyo Foot Spa on Great Notch Road right off Route 46. The agencies had “received information that [the spa] was offering commercial sexual services while operating under the pretense of being a massage therapy business,” Passaic County Pr…
Carlstadt PD Rescues Kidnapped Woman Forced Into Prostitution At Meadowlands-Area Motel Carlstadt PD Rescues Kidnapped Woman Forced Into Prostitution At Meadowlands-Area Motel
Carlstadt PD Rescues Kidnapped Woman Forced Into Prostitution At Meadowlands-Area Motel A missing woman who’d been held against her will and forced into prostitution at a local motel was rescued by Carlstadt police who arrested her combative captor, authorities said. Officer Matthew Bartlett responded to the Super 8 on Washington Avenue just north of Route 120 after the woman’s cell phone was traced there, Acting Police Chief Thomas Cox said on Monday, Feb. 13. Bartlett spoke with employees, then was joined at the motel by backup Officers James Winand and Anthony Rivezzi, the acting chief said. They found the woman with Kevin Williams, 32, of Newark, he said. Williams initia…
Woman Forced Teen Girl To Have Sex With Man For Money: Union Prosecutor Woman Forced Teen Girl To Have Sex With Man For Money: Union Prosecutor
Woman Forced Teen Girl To Have Sex With Man For Money: Union Prosecutor A man and woman from North Jersey have been arrested on accusations she made a 14-year-old girl have sex with him for money, authorities said. Valdirene Nogueira, 45, of Union, plied the girl with alcohol before Rony D. Game-Palacios, 30, of Newark, sexually assaulted her in exchange for money last September, Union County Prosecutor William A. Daniel and Assistant Prosecutor Peter Benza said. Game-Palacios was charged with second-degree sexual assault and third-degree endangering the welfare of a child, while Nogueira was charged with first-degree promoting prostitution of a …
DATING APP HELL: 'He Has A Knife' NJ Teen Held Hostage For Year In PA, Authorities Say DATING APP HELL: 'He Has A Knife' NJ Teen Held Hostage For Year In PA, Authorities Say
Dating APP Hell: 'He Has A Knife' NJ Teen Held Hostage For Year In PA, Authorities Say An 18-year-old New Jersey woman texted 911 for "help escaping" after being held against her will in Pennsylvania for a year by a man she met through a dating app, according to a criminal complaint obtained by Daily Voice.  32-year-old Nikolaus Breland, of Monongahela, was arrested on Sunday, Nov. 20, according to the complaint. The teenager said that her abusive boyfriend who had been holding her captive was asleep and she wanted help escaping, she told the Washington County 911 center around 9:45 p.m., according to the criminal complaint   ***WARNING the following…
NJ Go-Go Bar Workers Busted For Prostitution, Selling Coke To Guests — AGAIN: Police NJ Go-Go Bar Workers Busted For Prostitution, Selling Coke To Guests — AGAIN: Police
NJ Go-Go Bar Workers Busted For Prostitution, Selling Coke To Guests — Again: Police An undercover bust led to even more prostitution and drug arrests at a popular North Jersey go-go bar nearly a year after a similar investigation, authorities announced. Undercover police officers were offered sexual favors in exchange for money at AJ's Go-Go Bar in on Secaucus Road in Secaucus, Police Chief Dennis Miller said in announcing the latest bust. Yuri Duran, 34, of Newark; Lara Murad, 44, of Jersey City; and Isabella Molina-Morales, 30, of Elizabeth; were all charged with engaging in prostitution. Murad was also found with cocaine, and was charged with a drug offense. Duran was a…
Prostitution Bust Nets Seven Arrests At Hotels In This Hudson County Town Prostitution Bust Nets Seven Arrests At Hotels In This Hudson County Town
Prostitution Bust Nets Seven Arrests At Hotels In This Hudson County Town Several prostitution-related arrests were made in one day as part of a continuous effort to combat violent crimes in one Hudson County town. "We are specifically targeting prostitution because of the additional crime it brings to our hotel," said Secaucus Police Chief Dennis Miller citing drug-dealing, robberies and sexual assaults. "The day before the Anti-Crime Unit conducted this operation, a prostitute was robbed at knifepoint. The Secaucus Police Department will continue these efforts to ensure the safety of the transient community who stay at our hotels." The arrests were made on T…
Fairview ‘Full Service’ Massage Parlors Raided: Four Busted, Two Taken By Feds, $11,291 Seized Fairview ‘Full Service’ Massage Parlors Raided: Four Busted, Two Taken By Feds, $11,291 Seized
Fairview ‘Full Service’ Massage Parlors Raided: Four Busted, Two Taken By Feds, $11,291 Seized An undercover detective had just entered a Fairview massage parlor when an employee stripped naked and listed the prices for oral sex and intercourse, authorities said. The investigator was part of a joint task force that took down what authorities said essentially were two “full service” brothels operating as massage parlors just blocks apart. Members of the federal Homeland Security Investigations’ Human Trafficking Unit seized two women on potential immigration violations, Fairview Police Detective Lt. Michael Martic said. Four other women were busted by borough police, the lieutenant…
Warren County Man, 63, Met Up For Sex With Undercover Cop Posing As Teen Girl: Prosecutor Warren County Man, 63, Met Up For Sex With Undercover Cop Posing As Teen Girl: Prosecutor
Warren County Man, 63, Met Up For Sex With Undercover Cop Posing As Teen Girl: Prosecutor A 63-year-old man from Warren County is facing numerous charges after investigators caught him meeting up for sex with an undercover cop he thought was a 14-year-old girl, authorities said. Paul Tedeschi, of Lee Avenue in Alpha, was charged with second-degree attempted luring, second-degree sexual assault, attempted child endangerment, and promoting prostitution, Warren County Prosecutor James L. Pfeiffer said in a release on Friday, Sept. 2. Police in Phillipsburg learned from a source on Sunday, Aug. 21 that Tedeschi was looking for an underage girl to have sex with, Pfeiffer said. A fol…
Human Traffickers Forced Victims Into Sex At Fortified Brothels In Asbury, Trenton, NJ AG Says Human Traffickers Forced Victims Into Sex At Fortified Brothels In Asbury, Trenton, NJ AG Says
Human Traffickers Forced Victims Into Sex At Fortified Brothels In Asbury, Trenton, NJ AG Says Customers bought poker chips to have sex with an underage girl and women who were forced into prostitution against their will by a human trafficking ring that operated out of Monmouth and Mercer counties, authorities said. New Jersey State Police watched 10 men enter a Hudson Street home in Trenton through the back door and then exit 15 to 20 minutes later one January night, Acting Attorney General Matthew J. Platkin said. A man then came out and locked the gate, the attorney general said. A search-warranted raid later that night included members of the State Police T.E.A.M.S. Unit, K-9 Un…
NY Woman Ran Prostitution Ring At NJ Massage Parlor: Prosecutor NY Woman Ran Prostitution Ring At NJ Massage Parlor: Prosecutor
NY Woman Ran Prostitution Ring At NJ Massage Parlor: Prosecutor A 42-year-old woman from Flushing, NY was arrested on accusations she ran a prostitution ring out of a Central Jersey massage parlor, authorities said. An undercover investigation into "numerous anonymous complaints" at a Watchung parlor earlier this month led to the arrest of Zhuhua Luo, 42, Somerset County Prosecutor John P. McDonald said. Authorities did not disclose the name of the massage parlor. A search warrant was executed by members of the Somerset County Prosecutor’s Office Northern Street Crimes Task Force and local police, who seized cash as alleged proceeds of prostit…
Convicted Killer Charged With Murder In 40-Year-Old NJ Homicide Of Teen Girl: Report Convicted Killer Charged With Murder In 40-Year-Old NJ Homicide Of Teen Girl: Report
Convicted Killer Charged With Murder In 40-Year-Old NJ Homicide Of Teen Girl: Report A man previously convicted of murder has been identified and charged in a 40-year-old cold case involving the killing of a teen girl in New Jersey, WFMZ reports. DNA technology helped investigators identify Arthur Kinlaw — a previously convicted murderer who ran a prostitution ring in the Bronx alongside his wife — as the suspect in the homicide of Long Island resident Dawn Olanick, aka “Princess Doe,” the outlet reports citing Warren County Prosecutor James Pfeiffer. The teenage victim’s identity had been a mystery for decades after she was brutally beaten near Cedar Ridge Cemetery in Blai…
Former Bergen Man Gets Federal Prison Time For Assisting Massage Parlor Prostitution Former Bergen Man Gets Federal Prison Time For Assisting Massage Parlor Prostitution
Former Bergen Man Gets Federal Prison Time For Assisting Massage Parlor Prostitution A former Bergen County resident must spend nearly three years in federal prison for producing bogus training certificates for massage parlors that sold sex. Naresh Rane, 68, gave 10 of those certificates to a former local councilman who was later found dead of suicide along with his wife, authorities said. Rane, formerly of Closter, owned and operated the now-defunct Axiom Healthcare Academy on Kennedy Boulevard in North Bergen, which touted itself as a provider of massage therapy training. Anyone who didn't want to go through the training could pay Rane anywhere from $1,000 to $2,600 for …
Ramsey Woman, Long Island Man Busted On Drug, Prostitution Charges At Route 17 Hotel Ramsey Woman, Long Island Man Busted On Drug, Prostitution Charges At Route 17 Hotel
Ramsey Woman, Long Island Man Busted On Drug, Prostitution Charges At Route 17 Hotel A Ramsey woman and a companion from Long Island were busted on prostitution charges at a Route 17 hotel. Donna Olsen, 35, was charged with prostitution and selling heroin, coke and crystal meth, among other offenses after police called to do a welfare check at the Extended Stay America on the northbound highway found both of them, Ramsey Police Chief Brian M. Lyman said. Olsen already had a drug-related criminal history, as well as outstanding warrants out of Bergen and Morris counties. She was sent to the Bergen County Jail and was later ordered by a Superior Court judge in Hackensack to …
Popular Paterson Barbershop Fronted For After-Hours Club Run By Trinitarios, Authorities Charge Popular Paterson Barbershop Fronted For After-Hours Club Run By Trinitarios, Authorities Charge
Popular Paterson Barbershop Fronted For After-Hours Club Run By Trinitarios, Authorities Charge SEX, DRUGS AND JELLY ROLL: A popular Paterson clip joint was a front for an after-hours club run by Trinitario gang members that sold cocaine, sex and hookah, city authorities said following the arrests of eight people during a raid. Security guards allowed fellow armed Trinitarios into the illegal club at the JMT Barbershop on East 18th Street, which opened at 3 a.m. and closed at 10 a.m., Public Safety Director Jerry Speziale said. "Staff” at the club sold cocaine while the owners and managers directed prostitution on the premises and outside the club, sold alcohol without a license and p…
College Sex Cult Leader Larry Ray Of NJ Found Guilty On All Charges College Sex Cult Leader Larry Ray Of NJ Found Guilty On All Charges
College Sex Cult Leader Larry Ray Of NJ Found Guilty On All Charges The New Jersey man who ran a sex cult out of his daughter's dorm room will face life in prison after being found guilty by a jury of sexually exploiting and trafficking girls. Larry Ray, 62 — who was arrested at his home in Piscataway — was found guilty of 15 counts that include racketeering, sex trafficking, conspiracy, forced labor, extortion, tax evasion, and other crimes in relation to his scheme following multiple delays in his trial and prosecution. The jury deliberated for less than four hours before returning the guilty verdict. “Twelve years ago, Larry Ray moved into his…
Pimp, Prostitutes Busted In Hudson Hotel Sting: Police Chief Pimp, Prostitutes Busted In Hudson Hotel Sting: Police Chief
Pimp, Prostitutes Busted In Hudson Hotel Sting: Police Chief A pimp and three prostitutes were busted in an undercover hotel operation in Secaucus, the town's police chief said. "The sheer volume of hotels — we have between 15-18 — attracts prostitution in Secaucus," Police Chief Dennis Miller said. "Unfortunately, it's the underlying crime that leads to other crimes like robbery, drug deals and sexual assaults. Vanessa Garrido, 27, of Union City, and Zulay Guerrero, 39, of Queens were charged with engaging in and promoting prostitution, the chief said. In 2018, Guerrero was out on bail when she and then-36-year-old Terrance…
GOTCHA! Teaneck Fugitive Accused Of Running Sex Trafficking Ring Captured At Newark Airport GOTCHA! Teaneck Fugitive Accused Of Running Sex Trafficking Ring Captured At Newark Airport
Gotcha! Teaneck Fugitive Accused Of Running Sex Trafficking Ring Captured At Newark Airport A fugitive from Bergen County wanted for running a massive sex-trafficking ring in North Jersey, Rockland and New York City was captured trying to re-enter the United States from Colombia, authorities confirmed. Birmania “Nancy” Rincon, 62, a Colombian national living in Teaneck, was among the ringleaders of a crew that forced dozens of women into prostitution, Bergen County Prosecutor Mark Musella said. She was in the wind, however, when authorities seized 21 defendants during a series of early-morning raids at 19 homes and other locations in Bergen and Hudson counties exactly two weeks ag…
Here's The Rub: Fair Lawn Massage Therapist Busted In Undercover Prostitution Sting Here's The Rub: Fair Lawn Massage Therapist Busted In Undercover Prostitution Sting
Here's The Rub: Fair Lawn Massage Therapist Busted In Undercover Prostitution Sting A massage therapist rubbed an undercover police officer in Fair Lawn the wrong way, authorities charged. Qiuefeng Wang, 57, of Fair Lawn was charged with prostitution following the incident at CW Body Works Therapy on Fair Lawn Avenue, Sgt. Brian Metzler said. She was released on a summons to appear in court. Police set up the sting after "receiving information of illicit activity," Metzler said. He didn't identify which particular "service" was offered.
UNDERCOVER BUST: NJ Go-Go Bar Workers Accused Of Promoting Prostitution, Selling Coke To Guests UNDERCOVER BUST: NJ Go-Go Bar Workers Accused Of Promoting Prostitution, Selling Coke To Guests
Undercover Bust: NJ Go-Go Bar Workers Accused Of Promoting Prostitution, Selling Coke To Guests Assaults. Shots fired. An overdose. These are just some of the calls over the last two years that sparked a an undercover investigation into AJ's Go-Go Bar in Hudson County, leading to nine arrests for cocaine distribution and prostitution this week, authorities in Secaucus announced on Wednesday. During the investigation, undercover detectives purchased various quantities of cocaine from different employees of the establishment. Detectives were also offered sex for cash by numerous employees of the premises, Secaucus Police Chief Dennis Miller said. The six-month long probe culminated on…
PA Man Stopped For Busted Headlight Rats Out Prostitute In North Jersey: Police PA Man Stopped For Busted Headlight Rats Out Prostitute In North Jersey: Police
PA Man Stopped For Busted Headlight Rats Out Prostitute In North Jersey: Police A routine traffic stop led to prostitution charges for a Pennsylvania man and Ohio woman in North Jersey, police said. Emmanuel Ojo-Powerson of Pocono Pines, PA, was spotted by Secaucus police officers stopped  on the side ramp of Paterson Plank Road onto Route 3 west around 1:05 a.m. Nov. 16, Police Chief Dennis Miller said. During the stop, the 34-year-old driver admitted he was at the Extended Stay Hotel on Plaza Drive engaging in prostitution, Miller said. Officers went to the hotel and found Crystal Hotlosz of Clairsville, OH, 41, the chief said. Ojo-Powerson was c…